Rock crushing machine



June 12, 1934.

H. W. PUDAN ROCK CRUSHING MACHINE Filed Dec. 2, 1929 INVENTOR.

WITNES$ Patented June 12, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 4 Claims.

The following description together with the accompanying drawing, forms a full clear and exact specification.

This invention relates to what are commonly 5 called rock crushers and particularly to crushers that receive large rock and deliver a small sized product. to make fine crushing with rock crushers an achieved fact. There are existing today, what is known as the cone crusher. These machines receive quite large rock and deliver a product as small as one inch in general dimensions. They themselves are quite a big advance on previous types. However, they are large and heavy for their capacity and cannot crush near as fine as is desired.

My invention introduces a novel principle in crushing; a principle that has never before been applied to the art. By embodying this principle in the construction I can modify an ordinary gyratory crusher receiving rock of 8", but which cannot deliver a product finer than 3 and cause its product to be no coarser than A I do this by placing my invention as a supplementary crusher just below the last effective crushing part of the gyratory. For my breaker I use the same gyratory mechanism. My invention is a gyratory or oscillating crusher multiplied, instead of having just one pinching space, as has the ordinary gyratory, I have as many as I need to achieve fine crushing. Assuming an annular gyratory crusher that closes to a pinching space of 3", if I occupy two inches of this space with a more or less free to move annular ring made of suitable material, I have left one inch, or onehalf inch on each side of the ring, if the ring stays in the center of the pinching space. As modified the crusher still has above the ring a major pinching space of 3", but the ring introduces supplementary pinching spaces of only To get out of the crusher all the product will have to be subjected to the pinching effect of this clearance and obviously the bulk of it will be much smaller. The dimensions quoted 45 are not exactly in correct proportion, but serve as an illustration. It is to be observed that the crusher is structurally about as it was before, all I have done is to modify the pinching space. Instead of one division or one ring in the pinching space, two, three, four, or more can be introduced, all free to move within the limits provided for them, each ring transmitting the crushing force to the next ring thru the medium of the material to bev crushed and all partaking of the open- 55 ing and closing motion imparted by the gyratory.

The object of my invention isv The driving mechanism is the same as is used in any ordinary gyratory or oscillating crusher. This is the new principle of crushing which I have invented. Using this principle a machine of fine crushing capacity is evolved.

As explained, my crusher can be built in just below the gyratory proper thus transforming it into a fine crusher of great capacity or it can be a separate machine taking say 3" stuff from a coarse crusher and delivering as fine as is required.

The impulsor or head to which a gyratory motion is given by the transmission occupies the center of the system. It applies crushing force to any material that may be between it and the 79 first ring, each ring transmits the crushing force to the next ring. In order to keep the rings properly spaced and thus prevent bypassing of oversize, they are provided at suitable intervals with lugs on their sides. These lugs also assist in crushing, providing a wedge action. To assist in entering the material to be crushed, the upper side of some of the rings are also provided with lugs pointing up, thus the lugs on one ring in conjunction with the lugs on the next but one ring form an intermediate and coarser crushing space.

One set of crushing rings in its plane has only a certain receiving and crushing range. Ring systems are superimposed one below the other 35 with supporting grids between. The fineness of the crushed product determines the number required. All are driven by the same head or impulsor.

To prevent breakage of the machine in case a piece of steel should enter, a cushioning ring of suitable material can be placed between the head and its crushing shell or liner. This cushioning ring is sufiiciently rigid to crush the ma- N terial passing thru the system but springs back if the resistance becomes too great. Obviously the head cannot deliver a blow that will break the machine if the cushioning ring springs back to prevent it.

Another method of accomplishing the same result is to divide the rings into three segments. In this may no one ring can be broken, any unusual strain is transmitted right thru the system and can be taken care of by heavy exterior springs if it is not largely absorbed by the ring clearances.

My rock crushing machine can also be used as a wet breaker and grinder delivering a Wet pulp to pass any required mesh.

Referring to the drawing:-

Figure 1 is a cross-sectional elevation of a gyratory crusher modified by my invention.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional elevation of my oscillating crusher and grinder adapted for wet work.

Figure 3 rings.

Figure 4 is a side elevation of these rings.

Figure 5 is a plan view of an intermediate supporting grid.

In this drawing 1, represents the outer stationary shell of the machine; 2, is the crushing head; 3, are the gears driving the head; 4, the transmission shaft; 5, the drive pulley; 6, the first pinching space; 7, the upper grinding ring; 8, the outer shell liner; 9, the crushing head liner; 10, a cushioning ring; 11, an intermediate supporting grid; 12, the second grinding ring system; 13, the third crushing ring system; 14, the chute. In Figure 2l5, represents the launder delivering the feed; 16, the oscillating head; 17, the upper crushing and grinding ring system; 18, an intermediate supporting grid; 19, the second ring system; 20, the outer shell liner; 21, the oscillating head liner; 22, the oscillating head cushioning ring; 23, the third ring system; 24, the fourth ring system; 25, the delivery chute; 28, the receiving launder.

In Figures 3 and l-26, represents the crushing rings; 2'7, side lugs; 29, top lugs; 32, a ring segment.

In Figure 530, represents a supporting grid; 31, the holes in grid.

The operation of the machine is as follows:

Rock enters the crusher between the head 2, and the outer stationary shell 1, by the time it reaches the pinching space 6, it is considerably crushed, and can enter on both sides of the auxiliary crushing ring 7, and there it is further reduced in size. It now passes thru the holes in the supporting grid 11, and becomes subject to the crushing action of the second ring system 12, thence passes thru another supporting grid 11, and enters the third crushing ring system 13, where it receives its final reduction and passes out thru another grid 11, onto the chute 14, thence out of the machine.

The operation of the wet crushing and grinding type of machine shown in Figure 2, is very similar. The oscillating motion difiers from that of Figure 1 in that the motion at the top is the same as at the bottom.

The rock carrying pulp enters the top of the machine by means of the launder 15, it is there subjected to crushing by the ring system 17, then passes thru holes in the supporting grid 18, and becomes subject to the action of the upper lugs see 29 Figures 3 and 4 and the second ring system 19, thence thru holes in the supporting grid 18, entering the third grinding and crushing ring system 23, from there it passes another grid and enters the crushing and grinding ring system 24, where it receives its final fineness passing out thru the last grid onto the chute 25, and into the launder 28.

is a plan view of typical crushing The protecting cushioning ring is shown at 22, it affords protection for the whole crushing ring system against tramp steel.

As an alternate to the cushioning ring, segmental rings 32, see Figure 3 can be used. On account of the ring clearances any unusual strain will be largely absorbed.

Making the rings in segments also facilitates the renewal of the crusher, such segments can be introduced thru a port (not shown in the drawing) in the outer shell of the crusher.

What I claim is:

1. A rock crushing machine consisting of an annular oscillating head, a stationary shell surrounding said head, a pinching space between the head and the stationary shell, annular spaced rings arranged in circumferential relation to said head in the space between said head and said shell, said rings being suitably divided into segments, said segments being provided at intervals with bosses on their sides and ends for the purpose of maintaining the proper relation of one ring segment to other adjoining ring segments.

2. A rock crushing machine consisting of an annular oscillating head, a stationary shell surrounding said head, a pinching space between the head and the stationary shell, annular spaced rings arranged in circumferential relation to said head in the space between said head and said shell, an annular liner for said head, an annular resilient cushioning ring interposed between the said head and said liner, other annular spaced crushing ring systems arranged in planes each below the other, the head extended downwards, the annular liner for the head extended downward, the annular resilient cushioning ring likewise extended, the whole positioned to cooperate with the said extended head, said ring systems, and said stationary shell.

3. A rock crushing machine consisting of the following elements functioning substantially in the same horizontal plane, an annular oscillating head, a stationary shell surrounding said head, a pinching space between the head and the stationary shell, annular spaced rings arranged in circumferential relation to said head in the space between said head and said shell, a liner for said shell, and a resilient cushioning ring interposed between said shell and said liner and positioned to cooperate with said liner, the specifled annular rings and oscillating head.

4. A rock crushing machine consisting of the following elements functioning substantially in the same horizontal plane, an annular oscillating head, a stationary shell surrounding said head, a pinching space between the head and the stationary shell, annular spaced rings arranged in circumferential relation to said head in the space between said head and said shell, an annular liner for said head, an annular resilient cushioning ring interposed between the said head and said liner and positioned to cooperate with said oscillating head, said annular liner, and the specified annular rings and stationary shell.

HERBERT WATMOUGH PUDAN. 

